) fudydka iurkdhl
ud¾;= ui 3 jeksod ðkSjdys§ wdrïN jQ udkj ysñlï uKav,fha 25 fjks ieisjdrh i|ydwefußldj úiska f.k tkakg ;SrKh lr ;sfnk fhdackdj,sh msgqmi we;af;a ixlS¾K l;dkaorhla nj wm jgyd .; hq;=hs' Tjqkaf.a m%h;akh u;=msáka fmfkk lreKqj,ska Tíng f.dia b;sydih Tiafia úuid n,d jgyd.; hq;= ;;a;ajhls' ienE jerÈlrejka wmo" wmg fpdaokd lrkakjqkao lshd jgyd .; yelafla ta wdldrfhka jk fyhsks' wo Tjqka wm fj; fuu fpdaokdj t,a, lrkakg mgka .;af;a uyskao rdcmlaI ckdêm;sjrhdf.a kdhl;ajfhka hq;a wdKavqj t,a'à'à'B' fnÿïjdoh hqouh jYfhka mrdch lsÍfuka miqj nj ljqre;a okakd lreKls'
wdKavqj úiska udkqISh fufyhqula f,i y÷kajkq ,enQ fuu igfka wjika i;s ;=fka§ wka;¾cd;sl udkqIjd§ kS;sh iy wka;¾cd;sl udkj ysñlï kS;sh nrm;< f,i W,a,x>kh jQfõ hehs hqoaOh wjika ùug fmr isgu wefußldj" hqfrdamd ix.uh iy Bg wkqn, fok rgj,a úiska fpdaokd lrkq ,eìKs'
oeka wm wka;¾jd§ udkqIjd§ kS;sh l=ulaoehs úuid n,uq'
fuh ix.%duhl§ f.dvìu" wyi iy uqyqfoa§ wkq.ukh l< hq;= l%shdud¾. we;=<;a wka;¾cd;sl iuqï;shls' fuu iïuq;sh i|yd Y%S ,xldjo md¾Yajlrefjls'
wfkla ldrKd jk wka;¾cd;sl udkj ysñlï kS;sh ia:dms; ù ;sfnkafka;a ukqIHhdf.a uQ,sl whs;sjdislï fudkjdo hkak;a" tajd lv fkdl< hq;=h hkak;a uq,alr .ksñks' fuu fldkafoais m%Odk lr.;a wka;¾cd;sl udkj ysñlï iïuq;sj,go Y%S ,xldj w;aika ;nd ;sfí' fulS wka;¾jd§ udkqIjd§ kS;sh iy wka;¾cd;sl udkj ysñlï kS;sh uyd mßudKfhka yd ie,iqï iy.;j W,a,x>kh lsÍu jHjydrfha y÷kajkq ,nkafka hqo wmrdO jYfhks'
igkalrefjla fkdjk isú,a jeishka ys;du;d >d;kh lsÍu" isú,a jeishka Ôj;a jk m%foaYj,g ys;du;d nr wú fhdod myr§u" frday,aj,g myr§u" ckhdg ffjoH myiqlï" wdydr ,efnk ud¾. wjysr lsÍu" w;awvx.=jg .;a igkalrejka kvq úNd.hlska f;drj >d;kh lsÍu iy Tjqkg joysxid lsÍu iy ie,iqï iy.;j ia;%Ska ¥IKh lsÍu wd§ lreKq hqo wmrdO f,i ye¢kafjhs'
fuys§ wka;¾cd;sl m%cdj kñka fmkS isák msßi m%ldY lrkafka Y%S ,xldfõ wdKavqfõ fufyhùu msg ta igka l< wdrlaIl yuqod igfka wjika wÈhf¾§ fuu hqo wmrdO l< njg idlaIs ;sfnk njh' wka;¾cd;sl udkj ysñlï kS;sj,g wkqj tjeks hqo wmrdO isÿlrkq ,enQ wh y÷kdf.k Tjqkg oඬqjï Èh hq;=h hkak Tjqkaf.a woyi ù ;sfí' fï i|yd wK ÿkafka ljqo@ jro lf<a ljqo hkak fidhd ta whg oඬqjï ,ndÈh yelshs hkak wka;¾cd;sl kS;sÍ;sj,ska ms<sf.k ;sfnk iïuq;shls'
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a udkj ysñlï uKav,fha§ 2012 iy 2013 § iïu; jqKq fhdackdj,ska m%ldY flrefKa fï .ek Y%S ,xldj ;=<skau
mÍlaIKhla mj;ajd jerÈlrejkag oඬqjï l< hq;= njh' kuq;a oeka Tjqkaf.a u;h ù ;sfnkafka Y%S ,xldfõ wdKavqj úiska fuu lghq;a; bgq fkdlrk neúka ta hqo wmrdO ms<sn|j wka;¾cd;sl úu¾Ykhla l< hq;= njh'
Adhirajya)Wadaya)Cartoonóg fmr Y%S ,xldj ;=< msysgqjkq ,enQ W.;a mdvï iy ixys¢hdj fldñifï ks¾foaY mjd yßyeá l%shd;aul fkdjqKq nj;a fuys§ Tjqka úiska WodyrK jYfhka fmkajd § ;sfí'udkj ysñlï ms<sn| tlai;a cd;Skaf.a uy flduidßiajßh kjkSoka ms,af,af.a wëlaIKh hgf;a l%shd;aul flfrkq msKsi wefußldj úiska wmg tfrysj f.k tkq ,nk fhdackdfõ yrh thhs'
ñka wk;=rej cd;Hka;r jYfhka wka;¾cd;sl úu¾Ykhla mj;ajd bka Y%S ,xldfõ yuqod igfka wjidk wÈhf¾§ hqo wmrdO l< nj ikd: jqjfyd;a fï yuqod fufyhùu i|yd Y%S ,xldfõ foaYmd,k kdhl;ajh iy ñ,sgß kdhl;ajh wjidk ú.%yfha§ hïlsis wka;¾cd;sl oඬqjï hdka;%Khlg fhduq lsÍfï bvlv wo ;sfnk wka;¾cd;sl ixúOdk cd,h ;=< ;sfí'
fï ldrKh ;rula ixlS¾K jQ;a" l,a.; jk iq¿ jQ;a l%shdj,shla jk kuq;a ta ;=< fndfyda w;=reM, úmdl ,efnk nj wm wu;l fkdl< hq;= lreKls'
tfia kï oekg we;sù ;sfnk ;;a;ajhg wkqj isÿúh yelafla l=ulaoehs úuid n,uq'
hï fyhlska Y%S ,xldj hqo wmrdO l< nj Tmamq jqjfyd;a ta .ek l%shd lrkakgo wka;¾cd;sl hdka;%Khla oekgu;a ia:dms;j we;' kuq;a Tjqka ta hdka;%Khg <Ûdùug l,ska wm pQÈ;hskag oඬqjï lf<a ke;s kï b;d meyeÈ,sju wd¾:sl iïndOl mkjkakg bv ;sfí' th ms<s.;a fmdÿ l%uhg wkqj tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wdrlaIl uKav,h u.ska fyda rgla jYfhka wefußldj úiska fyda isÿlsÍug ms<sjk'
flfia isÿjqj;a th Y%S ,xldj jeks wdkhk wmkhk u; r|d mj;sk rglg wd¾:slfha f., ysrlsÍula n÷ l%shdj,shls'
fuh wm lsisfia;au iq¿fldg ;elsh fkdyelafla brdlhg mßmQ¾K iïndOl mekùfï m%;sM,hla jYfhka 1990)2003 olajd ld,h ;=< ta ksidu ñh .sh msßi ,laI 15la ùu ksidh' fï msßfika yß wvlau <uhska njo wm wu;l fkdl< hq;= fohls' fï ld,h ;=< brdlfha f,dl=u iïm; jQ f;,a úl=Kd.; fkdyels jQ w;r uydpd¾hjrfhl=f.a udisl jegqm fvd,¾ 35lg iSud jk ;rug wd¾:slh lvd jeáKs'
kuq;a fuys§ wmg iekiSug b;sß ù ;sfnkafka Ökh iy reishdj wmg mlaIj Pkaoh Ndú; lrkq we;ehs hk wfmalaIdjh' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
wdrlaIl uKav,h iïndOl mekùfï§ tjeks fhdackdjla iïu; ùu msKsi uKav,fha idudðl rgj,a 15ka ks;H idudðl rgj,a 5la we;=¿j 9lf.a Pkaoh wjYHh' tys§ ks;H idudðlfhl= úreoaO jqjfyd;a fhdackdj ksIam%N jkq we;' ks;H idudðl rgj,a 5 jkafka wefußldj" m%xYh" n%s;dkH" reishdj iy Ökhhs'
B<Û lreK kï wdrlaIl uKav,fha§ m%;sM,h l=ula jqj;a wefußldj úiska wmg iïndOl mekùug bvlv ;sfnk njh' jirlg fvd,¾ g%s,shk 14l wd¾:slhla we;s wefußldjg ta i|yd f,dalfha wks;a fndfyda rgj,go n,mEï t,a, lsÍug Yla;shla ;sfí'
fï ldrKh wm ms<sn|j .;yels tla ;SrKhls' wfkla ;SrKh jkafka fya.a kqjr msysá cd;Hka;r hqo wêlrKhg wm bÈßm;a lsÍuh' fuu ldrKfha§ wm cd;Hka;r wêlrKhg f.k hd fkdyels nj lshñka iuyre ;¾l l<o wmrdO wêlrKfha frdau jHjia:djg Y%S ,xldj w;aika fkdlr ;snqKo wjYH kï wm ta fj; f.k hd yels ;j;a l%uhla ;sfnk nj fmkajd Èh yelshs'
ta tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wdrlaIl uKav,fha fhdackdjla iïu; lr.ekSfuks' Ökfha yd reishdfõ iyfhka tho j<lajd .ekSug oekg yelshdj ;sfí'
hï wjia:djl tjeks fhdackdjl§ reishdj yd Ökh mlaIj Pkaoh m%ldY fkdl< o Pkaoh §fuka je<lS isáhfyd;a fhdackdj iïu; fjhs' túg wka;¾cd;sl wmrdO wêlrK l%shdj,sh werfUhs'
fuys§ ú;a;slrejka fj; fpdaokd m;% ksl=;a lr pQÈ;hskag is;dis ndr fok f,i wod< wdKavqj,g okajd isák uq;a yuqod fufyhqulska /f.k hdula isÿfkdfõ' kuq;a ú;a;slrejka fkdue;sj uQ,sl úNd.h lr ;Skaÿj m%ldr ú;a;slrejka w;awvx.=jg .ekSu i|yd cd;Hka;r jfrka;=jla ksl=;a lrkq ,efí' w;awvx.=jg fkd.;a;o tjeks cd;Hka;r jfrka;=jla ksl=;a lsÍu mjd rgg úYd, n,mEula we;súh yels fohls'
wm úiska b;d ieflúka úia;r lrkq ,enqjo fï ;=<ska uefjkafka b;d ìhlre Ñ;%hls' tjka ìhlre Ñ;%hla ujd fmkajkq ,nkafka wehso hkak flfkl=g fyda fndfyda fofkl=g nrm;< .egÆjla úh yels nj we;a;h'
tfia kï thg ms<s;=rla f,i ud yg lshkakg we;af;a lreKdlr wo brdlh" we*a.ksia:dkh" m,ia;Skh" isßhdj" f,nkkh iy ,sìhdj foi n,kakg lshd b,a,d isàuh'
taldêm;s md,lfhla jqjo iodï yqfiaka hgf;a brdlh ueofmrÈ. jvd;a ÈhqKq ld¾ñl rdcHh jQ w;r ldka;djkag ksoyi ;snQ jvd;au ngysrlrKh jQ ixialD;shlska hq;= rgla f,io fmruqfKa úh' kuq;a brdlh l=fõgh wdl%uKh lsÍu ovóud lr.ksñka cd;Hka;r udkj ysñlï kS;s Í;s lsis;a fkd;ld wefußldj thg myr§ Tjqkaf.au jpkj,g wkqj h<s;a .,a hq.hg weo oukq ,eìh'
wm%sldkq uyoaùmhg wh;a rgj,a w;r ol=Kq wm%sldj yereKq úg b;d fyd| wd¾:slhla mej;=kq ,sìhdj wo m;aù ;sfnk ;;a;ajh u< f.hlg fojeks fkdjkakls'
tfia kï udkj ysñlï wdrlaId lsÍfï uqjdfjka wefußldj m%uqL ngysr rgj,a úiska wkq.ukh lrkq ,nk fï l%shdud¾.h wjxl wdOHdYfhka lrkaklao lshd úuid ne,Sfï wjia:dj oeka meñK ;sfí'
uf.a lshùu wkqj kï Tjqkg tjeks wjxl wruqKla ke;s nj muKla fkdj" ta miqmi fjk;a Nhdkl wruqKla ;sfnk njo mejish hq;=j ;sfí'
ud tfia lshkafka fï ldrKh msgqmi isák nj lshk wka;¾cd;sl m%cdj hk jpkho uq,a lr.ksñks' fï jpkh l=Kqyremhlg jvd fohla fkdjkafka" fuhg wh;ajkafka wefußldj" hqfrdamd ix.ufha n,j;a rgj,a iy tajdfha wKil hgf;a mj;sk tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh;a ta ;=< we;s udkj ysñlï ljqkais,h jeks ixúOdk;a úúOdldr rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk;a jk neúks' kuq;a fïjd ck;djg Tjqkaf.a .e,jqïldrhska f,i fmkS hkafka tajdfha u;=msg we;s wruqKq lsisfjl=g;a úreoaO úh fkdyels udkqIsl whs;Ska ms<sn| tajd jk neúks' fï msgqmi we;s wfkla ìysiqKq wruqKq .ek l;d lsÍu b;d jeo.;a jkafka tfyhsks'
ta wruqKq w;ßka wm b;d fyd¢ka jgyd.; hq;= ldrKh jkafka fuh wefußldj m%uqL ngysr rgj,a úiska kj wêrdcHjdohla f.dvke.Su i|yd f.k hk b;du;a ie,iqï iy.; l%shdud¾.hla njhs' l=ulao fï kj wêrdcHjdoh lshkafka@ b;du fláfhka meyeÈ,s lf<d;a f.ù .sh 15 iy 16 jeks ishjiaj,§ n%s;dkHh m%Odk fldg.;a hqfrdamSh rgj,a lSmhla by< wd¾:sl uÜgulg <Ûd jQ nj wms oksuq' tjeks j¾Okhla iu. Tjqkg ;u fjf<|fmd< m%udKj;a fkdjk ;;a;ajhla we;s jQ w;r hqoaOh m%jdykh ikaksfõokh iy mKsjqv yqjudrej wdÈh uq,a lr.ksñka f,dalfha fndfyda rgj,a ;u .%yKhg hg;a lr .kakd ,§' merKs wêrdcHjdoh ke;skï iDcq wêrdcHjdoh jQfõ tu l%uhhs'
l%sia;= j¾I 1750 jk úg uq¿ f,dalfhau ld¾ñl ksIamdokj,ska 70 la ksIamdokh lrkq ,enqfõ wo ;=kafjks f,dalh lshk wdishdfõ yd wm%sldfõ rgj, jQ w;r úisjk ishjfia § th 15 olajd wvq lr oud tu ksIamdokhka ;uka fj; veye .kakg ngysr rgj,a iu;a úh'
ta jdf.au fuu rgj,a ch .ekSu" iïm;a talrdYS lr .ekSu" Y%uh iQrdlEu wd§ iEu fohlau Tjqka úiska isÿ lrkq ,enqfõ w;s úYd, ñksia Ôú; m%udKhla idyisl f,i >d;kh lr ouñks' l%siafgdam¾ fldf,dïnia wefußldj y÷kd .ekSfuka miq fulaisfldafõ ck.ykh ñ,shk 7 isg ñ,shk 03 olajd wvq lrkq ,enqfõ >d;kh lsÍfuka nj;a" Y%S ,xldfõ 18 le/,a, uevmeje;aùu msKsi wjq' 18 g jeä ishÆ msßñka >d;kh lrkq msKsi tx.,ka;fhka ksfhda. ,enqKq nj;a wm lsisfia;au wu;l fkdl< hq;=h' m%Yakh ;sfnkafka wo ojfia Y%S ,xldj udkj ysñlï .ek m%Yak lrkq ,nkafka fujeks cd;Ska úiska ùuhs' fuys§ iuyrl= f.k wd yels ;¾lhla jkafka Tjqka w;S;fha § tjeks l%shd l,dmhkays ksr; jQjdg wog tajd wod< ke;s njhs' wo Tjqka m%cd;ka;%jdoh yd udkj ysñlï fjkqfjka lemù isák njhs'
kuq;a ud b;d meyeÈ,sj lshkafka Tjqka wo;a yeisfrkafka ta whqßkau njh'
1945 fojk f,dal hqoaOfhka miqj weußldj wo oji jk úg rgj,a 23 lg hqouh jYfhka ueÈy;a ù tu rgj, ck;dj wm%udK ÿla lkaordjlg weo oud ;sìu thg tla WodyrKhls' iuyr rgj, isÿù we;s Ôú; úkdYh ueksh hq;af;a ,laI .Kklsks' wka;¾cd;sl udkqIjd§ kS;sfha tla fldkafoaishla jkafka hqoaOhl§ hg;a jQ lsisfjl=g ysxidjla fkdlsÍuh' kuq;a miqnisñka isá brdl yuqodjkag fjä ;nd
fo,laIhla muK msßila urd oeóug wefußldj miqng fkdùh' fï wdldrhg brdlfha hqoaOh iy iïndOl ksid isú,a jeishka ñh hk úg we;s fkdjk fõokdjla Y%S ,xldfõ hqoaOhl§ fou< cd;slhska ñh hdu ksid we;sùu mqÿuhg lreKla fkdfõo@
b;ska 45 ka miq we;sjqKq fï kj wêrdcHjd§ .uka u.g ;snQ tlu ndOlh jQfõ fidaúhÜ foaYh muKs' tho weo jeàfuka miq uq¿ f,dalh mqrd ksoyfia ish wdêm;H me;sr ùu wdrïN l< kj wêrdcHjd§yq wo ish wKil hgf;a we;s fuu wdh;k yryd ,xldjg fï we;s lrk mSvkh;a ta .ukauf.au tla wÈhrla muKs'
fï l%ufha tla mshjrla jkafka ;ukaf.a wKil hgf;a fkdisák rgj,a ;uka hg;g .ekSu i|yd úúO l%u Ndú;d lrñka ta rgj, wdKavq fjkia lsÍuhs' frðï ÉfkaÊ kue;s jHjydrh ìys ù we;af;ao ta ldrKhg wkqjh'
fï l%ufha § Tjqyq ta ta rgj, ;;a;ajhkag wkqj Wmdh ud¾. fhdo;s' hï taldêm;s iajNdjfha wdKavq mj;sk brdlh" isßhdj" ,sìhdj jeks rgj,g ñ,sgß ueÈy;aùïo ,xldj jeks idfmalaI jYfhka ÈhqKq m%cd;ka;%jd§ jHqyhla we;s rgj,a wrNhd udkj ysñlï ljqkais,h yryd flfrk úNd.hkao we;s lsÍugo Tjqyq j. n,d .ks;s' fï ldrKdj,ska neyerj we;a; jYfhkau Tjqka Y%S ,xldfõ udkj ysñlï .ek wjxl Wkkaÿjla olajkafka kï t,aààB hg tfrys igfka wjidk i;s ;=k muKla wjOdkhg ,la lrkq ,enqfõ wehso hkak fuys§ mek k.sk m%Odk m%Yakhls'
tfiau wdrïNfha isg t,a'à'à'B' ixúOdkh Tjqkg ys;=K ys;=Kq ;ekaj, lDDr ñksia >d;k isÿl< whqre Tjqkq;a fkdokakd foaj,a fkdfõ' tfy;a ta yeu úgu Tjqka mejiqfõ t,a'à'à'B' hg tfrys ñ,sgß l%shd ud¾. fkdf.k idlÉPdjg hk f,ih' wvqmdvq uOHfha jqj;a f–'wd¾' chj¾Ok rcfha isg uyskao rdcmlaI ckdêm;sjrhd olajd ta W;aidyfha kshe¿Kq nj ngysr cd;Ska fkdokakjd fkdfõ' fuu .egÆjg uq,a jqKq foaYmd,k wd¾:sl idOl ;sfnk nj wms ms<s.; hq;=j we;' wm tajdg wduka;%Kh l< hq;=h' kuq;a fï lsisu idlÉPdjl§ fjku rdcHhla hk ixl,amfhka neyer jkakg t,aààB h woyia fkdl< fyhska idlÉPd wid¾:l úh'
rgl mj;sk rdcHhl wksjd¾h ,laIKhla jkafka ikakoaO n,h ysñj ;sìuh' wdhqO .;a ;j;a msßila rdcHfha wdrlaIdjg ;¾ckh lrk úg ta msßig tfrysj ikakoaO n,h fhoùug rchlg kS;Hdkql+, whs;shla we;'
brdlh l=fõgh wdl%uKh l< úg tu yuqod m,jd yeÍug wefußldj m%uqL rgj,a ikakoaO n,h mdúÉÑ lrkq ,enqjd kï ;u rfÜ m%Yakhlg tjekakla lsÍug Y%S ,xld rchg n,hla ke;so@
ta wkqj fmkS hkafka tcd ixúOdkh mjd udkj ysñlï .ek foìä m%;sm;a;shla wkq.ukh lrk njhs'
ta wkqj fï fudfydf;a wefußldj m%uqL kj wêrdcHjd§ka ;¾ckh lrkq ,nkafka n,fha isák wdKavqjg fkdj Y%S ,xld rdcHfha ia:djr;ajhg tys fN!ñl wLKav;djhg iy ckfldgia w;r iu.shg nj fï rfÜ ck;dj f;areï .ekSu fï fudfydf;a we;s jeo.;au lreK hehs uu is;ñ'
